Have you ever wondered how an electric guitar works? It's absolutely quite easy and makes use of basic physics principals.
An electric guitar "senses" the vibrations / movement of the strings electronically. This electronic signal is sent to an amplifier which is used to power a speaker. The "sensing" is done using a magnetic pickup mounted under the strings which is essentially a bar magnet wrapped with thousands of turns of fine wire.
Moving a magnetic field within a coil of wire can be used to originate electrical signals. absolutely this is how a power stations work where turning magnets inside coils of wire originate current to power your home.
A similar indispensable is at work in an electric guitar where the strings vibration produces a corresponding vibration in the magnet's magnetic field which causes a vibrating electrical current in the coil.
There are many dissimilar types of pickups. For example, some pickups expand a particular magnet bar under all six strings. Others have a detach pole-piece for each string. Some pickups use screws for pole-pieces so that the height of each pole-piece can be adjusted. The closer the pole-piece is to the string, the stronger the signal.
The pickup's coil sends its signal straight through a very easy circuit on most guitars. Components such as a changeable resistor are added to the easy circuit to adjust the tone.
A basic low pass filter (a resistor and capacitor) cuts out the higher frequencies and by adjusting the changeable resistor you can tweak the frequencies that get straight through the filter. The volume control is simply someone else changeable resistor that limits the electrical current to the jack socket on the guitar.
Most electric guitars have two or three pickups settled at dissimilar points. Each pickup will have a dissimilar sound, and pickups can be paired and used together, used in and out of phase to originate dissimilar sounds.
From the jack a lead connects the guitar to the amplifier which essentially increases the tiny current from the guitar to something much more marvelous which can then drive a loud speaker.
The great thing about even the most affordable electric guitars (under £200) is that they are modular and upgradable. Pick-ups and circuitry can be changed by even an amateur should they wish to upgrade their guitar as and when their budget permits.
So there you have it, electric guitars work on very easy components and basic physics principals!
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